Sago Pondweed (Stuckenia pectinata)
Madonna Flower (Artedia squamata)
Hairy-seeded Chervil (Chaerophyllum trichospermum)
Syrian Eryngo (Eryngium creticum)
Common Parsley (Petroselinum crispum)
Venus-comb (Scandix pecten-veneris)
Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera)
Black Garlic (Allium aschersonianum)
Naples Garlic (Allium neapolitanum)
Chinese Sacred Lily (Narcissus tazetta)
Tassel Hyacinth (Leopoldia bicolor)
Grape Hyacinth (Muscari neglectum)
Star of Bethlehem (Ornithogalum)
Winter Crocus (Crocus hyemalis)
Violet Gladiolus (Gladiolus atroviolaceus)
Italian Gladiolus (Gladiolus italicus)
Mesopotamian Iris (Iris mesopotamica)
Spanish Nut (Moraea sisyrinchium)
Fan-Lipped Orchid (Anacamptis collina)
Pink Butterfly Orchid (Anacamptis papilionacea)
Sword-leaved Helleborine (Cephalanthera longifolia)
Anatolian Orchid (Orchis anatolica)
Yellow Asphodel (Asphodeline lutea)
Common Asphodel (Asphodelus aestivus)
Star Thistles Intro (Centaurea)
Syrian Cornflower (Centaurea cyanoides)
Eryngo Star-thistle (Centaurea eryngioides)
Moab Cousinia (Cousinia moabitica)
Gundelia (Gundelia tournefortii)
Syrian Thistle (Notobasis syriaca)
Soldier Thistle (Picnomon acarna)
Spiny Cocklebur (Xanthium spinosum)
Common Cocklebur (Xanthium strumarium)
Dwarf Chicory (Cichorium pumilum)
Aromatic Inula (Dittrichia viscosa)
Flax-leaf Fleabane (Erigeron bonariensis)
Red Everlasting (Helichrysum sanguineum)
Koelpinia (Koelpinia linearis)
Golden Chamomile (Matricaria aurea)
Wave-leaved Fleabane (Pulicaria incisa)
Pink Viper’s Grass (Scorzonera papposa)
Goldy-Locks (Varthemia iphionoides)
Strigose Alkanet (Alkanna strigosa)
Egyptian Bugloss (Anchusa aegyptiaca)
Italian Bugloss (Anchusa azurea)
Prickly Bugloss (Anchusa strigosa)
German Madwort (Asperugo procumbens)
Blue Hound’s Tongue (Cynoglossum creticum)
Judaean Bugloss (Echium judaeum)
European Turnsole (Heliotropium europaeum)
Golden Drop (Onosma orientalis)
Comfrey (Symphytum brachycalyx)
Boissier Borage (Trichodesma boissieri)
Buckler Mustard (Biscutella didyma)
Egyptian Farsetia (Farsetia aegyptiaca)
Common Malcolmia (Malcolmia crenulata)
Taily Weed (Ochradenus baccatus)
Purslane-leaved Aizoon (Aizoon canariense)
Slender-leaved Iceplant (Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum)
Jointed Anabasis (Anabasis articulata)
Syrian Anabasis (Anabasis syriaca)
Nettleleaf Goosefoot (Chenopodiastrum murale)
Halothamnus (Halothamnus hierochunticus)
Thorny Saltwort (Noaea mucronata)
Carnations and Pinks (Dianthus)
Arabic Baby’s Breath (Gypsophila arabica)
Algerian Tea (Paronychia argentea)
Cow Basil (Vaccaria pyramidata)
Egyptian Sea-lavender (Limonium lobatum)
Common Purslane (Portulaca oleracea)
Syrian Bryony (Bryonia syriaca)
Desert Gourd (Citrullus colocynthis)
Squirting Cucumber (Ecballium elaterium)
Italian Honeysuckle (Lonicera etrusca)
Pimpernel (Anagallis arvensis)
Storax Tree (Styrax officinalis)
Spiraled Acacia (Acacia raddiana)
Apple-ring Acacia (Faidherbia albida)
Umbrella Thorn Acacia (Vachellia tortilis)
Bean Clover (Anagyris foetida)
Spiny Milk-Vetch (Astragalus spinosus)
Spiny Broom (Calicotome villosa)
Common Horseshoe Vetch (Hippocrepis unisiliquosa)
Yellow Restharrow (Ononis natrix)
Spiny Restharrow (Ononis spinosa)
Dwarf Mesquite (Prosopis farcta)
Purple Clover (Trifolium purpureum)
Pink Clover (Trifolium resupinatum)
Starry Clover (Trifolium stellatum)
Star Trigonel (Trigonella stellata)
Kermes Oak (Quercus coccifera)
Valonia Oak (Quercus ithaburensis)
Giant Milkweed (Calotropis procera)
Caralluma (Caralluma europaea)
Sinai Milkweed (Gomphocarpus sinaicus)
Blue Woodruff (Asperula arvensis)
Bristly Crosswort (Valantia hispida)
Syrian Bear’s Breech (Acanthus syriacus)
Eyelash plant (Blepharis ciliaris)
Eastern Bugle (Ajuga orientalis)
Common Black Horehound (Ballota undulata)
Jagged-leaved Phlomis (Eremostachys laciniata)
Henbit Deadnettle (Lamium amplexicaule)
Musk Deadnettle (Lamium moschatum)
White Horehound (Marrubium vulgare)
Horse Mint (Mentha longifolia)
Dominica Sage (Salvia dominica)
Jerusalem Sage (Salvia hierosolymitana)
Turnip-leaved Sage (Salvia napifolia)
Felty Germander (Teucrium polium)
Common Verbena (Verbena officinalis)
Androcymbium (Androcymbium palaestinum)
Persian Bells (Fritillaria persica)
Castor Oil Plant (Ricinus communis)
Hairy Pink Flax (Linum pubescens)
Firat Poplar (Populus euphratica)
Hoary Rock Rose (Cistus creticus)
Pink Sunrose (Helianthemum vesicarium)
Common Mallow (Malva sylvestris)
Linear-leaved Daphne (Daphne linearifolia)
Bermuda-buttercup (Oxalis pes-caprae)
Mediterranean Cypress (Cupressus sempervirens)
Phoenician Juniper (Juniperus phoenicea)
Aleppo Pine (Pinus halepensis)
Common Reed (Phragmites australis)
Black Maidenhair Fern (Adiantum capillus-veneris)
Common Fumitory (Fumaria officinalis)
Sicklefruit Hypecoum (Hypecoum imberbe)
Crown Anemone (Anemone coronaria)
White Water-buttercup (Ranunculus aquatilis)
Asian Buttercup (Ranunculus asiaticus)
Jerusalem Buttercup (Ranunculus millefolius)
Thorny Burnet (Sarcopoterium spinosum)
Roman Nettle (Urtica pilulifera)
Acacia Strap Flower (Loranthus acaciae)
Small-Fruited Stonecrop (Sedum microcarpum)
Common Pennywort (Umbilicus intermedius)
Angel’s-trumpet (Datura innoxia)
Golden Henbane (Hyoscyamus aureus)
Egyptian Henbane (Hyoscyamus reticulatus)
Arabian Boxthorn (Lycium shawii)
Autumn Mandrake (Mandragora autumnalis)
Tree Tobacco (Nicotiana glauca)
Silverleaf Nightshade (Solanum elaeagnifolium)
Black Nightshade (Solanum nigrum)
Hairy Nightshade (Solanum villosum)
Bushy Bean-Caper (Zygophyllum dumosum)
House Centipede (Scutigera coleoptrata)
Woodlouse Spider (Dysdera crocata)
Long-jawed Orb Weavers (Tetragnatha)
False Widow Spiders (Steatoda)
Seven-spot Ladybird (Coccinella septempunctata)
Green Lacewing (Chrysoperla carnea)
Arabian Cicada (Platypleura arabica)
European Paper Wasp (Polistes dominulus)
Oriental Hornet (Vespa orientalis)
Root-maggot Fly (Anthomyia pluvialis)
Stable Fly (Stomoxys calcitrans)
German Cockroach (Blattella germanica)
Oriental Cockroach (Blatta orientalis)
Egyptian Desert Roach (Polyphaga aegyptiaca)
Crimson-speckled Flunkey (Utetheisa pulchella)
Redbelly Tilapia (Tilapia zilli)
North African Catfish (Clarias gariepinus)
Azraq Toothcarp (Aphanius sirhani)
Middle East Tree Frog (Hyla savignyi)
Levant Water Frog (Pelophylax bedriagae)
Arabian Toad-headed Agama (Phrynocephalus arabicus)
Sinai Agama (Pseudotrapelus sinaitus)
Starred Agama (Stellagama stellio)
Pale Agama (Trapelus pallidus)
Persian Agama (Trapelus persicus)
Syrian Agama (Trapelus ruderatus)
Egyptian Dabb Lizard (Uromastyx aegyptius)
European Legless Lizard (Pseudopus apodus)
Fringe-toed Lizards (Acanthodactylus)
Short-nosed Sand Lizard (Mesalina brevirostris)
Lebanon lizard (Phoenicolacerta laevis)
Rough-tailed Gecko (Cyrtopodion scabrum)
Turkish Gecko (Hemidactylus turcicus)
Spotted Fan-footed Gecko (Ptyodactylus guttatus)
Southern Fan-footed Gecko (Ptyodactylus hasselquistii)
Northern Fan-footed Gecko (Ptyodactylus puiseuxi)
Festa’s Skink (Ablepharus rueppellii)
Sandfish (Scincus scincus meccensis)
Bridled Skink (Trachylepis vittata)
Desert Monitor (Varanus griseus)
Common Chameleon (Chamaeleo chamaeleon recticrista)
Palaearctic Tail-lined (Coluber ravergieri)
Crowned Dwarf Racer (Eirenis coronella)
Roth’s Dwarf Racer (Eirenis rothi)
Coin Snake (Hemorrhois nummifer)
Dice Snake (Natrix tessellata)
Schokari Sand Racer (Psammophis schokari)
Diadem Snake (Spalerosophis diadema)
Arabian Tiger Snake (Telescopus dhara)
Arabian Horned Viper (Cerastes gasperettii)
Painted Saw-scaled Viper (Echis coloratus)
False Horned Viper (Pseudocerastes persicus)
Palestinian Viper (Vipera palaestinae)
Striped-neck Terrapin (Mauremys caspica)
Levantine Tortoise (Testudo graeca terrestris)
Great Crested Grebe (Podiceps cristatus)
Great Cormorant (Phalacrocorax carbo)
Great White Egret (Ardea alba)
Squacco Heron (Ardeola ralloides)
Little Egret (Egretta garzetta)
Night Heron (Nycticorax nycticorax)
Great White Pelican (Pelecanus onocrotalus)
Common Spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia)
Common Shelduck (Tadorna tadorna)
Golden Eagle (Aquila chrysaetos)
Short-toed Eagle (Circaetus gallicus)
Egyptian Vulture (Neophron percnopterus)
Barbary Falcon (Falco pelegrinoides)
Common Kestrel (Falco tinnunculus)
Long-legged Buzzard (Buteo rufinus)
Sand Partridge (Ammoperdix heyi)
Chicken (Gallus gallus domesticus)
Pin-tailed Sandgrouse (Pterocles alchata)
Spotted Sandgrouse (Pterocles senegallus)
Common Moorhen (Gallinula chloropus)
Spotted Crake (Porzana porzana)
Little Ringed Plover (Charadrius dubius)
Spur-winged Plover (Vanellus spinosus)
Northern Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus)
Black-winged Stilt (Himantopus himantopus)
Pied Avocet (Recurvirostra avosetta)
Stone Curlew (Burhinus oedicnemus)
Laughing Dove (Spilopelia senegalensis)
Eurasian Collared Dove (Streptopelia decaocto)
Turtle Dove (Streptopelia turtur)
Rose-ringed Parakeet (Psittacula krameri)
Common Cuckoo (Cuculus canorus)
Eurasian Eagle-owl (Bubo bubo)
Eurasian Scops Owl (Otus scops)
European Nightjar (Caprimulgus europaeus)
Alpine Swift (Tachymarptis melba)
Common Kingfisher (Alcedo atthis)
Pied Kingfisher (Ceryle rudis)
European Roller (Coracias garrulus)
White-throated Kingfisher (Halcyon smyrnensis)
European Bee-eater (Merops apiaster)
Little Green Bee-eater (Merops orientalis)
Syrian Woodpecker (Dendrocopos syriacus)
Greater Hoopoe-lark (Alaemon alaudipes)
Bar-tailed Lark (Ammomanes cincturus)
Desert Lark (Ammomanes deserti)
Temminck’s Lark (Eremophila bilopha)
Crested Lark (Galerida cristata)
Fan-tailed Raven (Corvus rhipidurus)
Brown-necked Raven (Corvus ruficollis)
Eurasian Jay (Garrulus glandarius)
Cretzschmar’s Bunting (Emberiza caesia)
Corn Bunting (Emberiza calandra)
House Bunting (Emberiza striolata)
Trumpeter Finch (Bucanetes githagineus)
Common Linnet (Carduelis cannabina)
European Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis)
Greenfinch (Carduelis chloris)
Sinai Rosefinch (Carpodacus synoicus)
Red-rumped Swallow (Cecropis daurica)
Barn Swallow (Hirundo rustica)
Rock Martin (Ptyonoprogne fuligula)
Red-backed Shrike (Lanius collurio)
Great Gray Shrike (Lanius excubitor)
Masked Shrike (Lanius nubicus)
Woodchat Shrike (Lanius senator)
Arabian Babbler (Turdoides squamiceps)
Red-throated Pipit (Anthus cervinus)
Long-billed Pipit (Anthus similis)
White Wagtail (Motacilla alba)
Blackstart (Cercomela melanura)
Blue Rock-thrush (Monticola solitarius)
Spotted Flycatcher (Muscicapa striata)
Desert Wheatear (Oenanthe deserti)
Finch’s Wheatear (Oenanthe finschii)
Black-eared Wheatear (Oenanthe hispanica)
Isabelline Wheatear (Oenanthe isabellina)
White-crowned Black Wheatear (Oenanthe leucopyga)
Mourning Wheatear (Oenanthe lugens)
Red-rumped Wheatear (Oenanthe moesta)
Hooded Wheatear (Oenanthe monacha)
Northern Wheatear (Oenanthe oenanthe)
Common Redstart (Phoenicurus phoenicurus)
African Stonechat (Saxicola torquatus)
Palestine Sunbird (Cinnyris osea)
Eurasian Blue Tit (Cyanistes caeruleus)
House Sparrow (Passer domesticus)
Spanish Sparrow (Passer hispaniolensis)
Rock Sparrow (Petronia petronia)
White-spectacled Bulbul (Pycnonotus xanthopygos)
Tristram’s Starling (Onychognathus tristramii)
Eurasian Wren (Troglodytes troglodytes)
Eurasian Blackbird (Turdus merula)
Scrub Warbler (Scotocerca inquieta)
Graceful Prinia (Prinia gracilis)
Orphean Warbler (Sylvia hortensis)
Sardinian Warbler (Sylvia melanocephala)
Arabian Ostrich (Struthio camelus syriacus)
Arabian Camel (Camelus dromedarius)
Domestic Goat (Capra aegagrus)
Roe Deer (Capreolus capreolus)
Arabian Horse (Equus ferus caballus)
Persian Onager (Equus hemionus onager)
Donkey (Equus africanus asinus)
Syrian Wild Ass (Equus hemionus hemippus)
Crested Porcupine (Hystrix cristata)
Golden Spiny Mouse (Acomys russatus)
Fat Sand Rat (Psammomys obesus)
Persian Squirrel (Sciurus anomalus)
Middle East Blind Mole-rat (Spalax ehrenbergi)
Egyptian Fruit Bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus)
Mediterranean Horseshoe Bat (Rhinolophus euryale)
Arabian Wolf (Canis lupus arabs)
Canaan Dog (Canis lupus familiaris)
Arabian Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes arabica)
Arabian Wildcat (Felis silvestris)
Arabian Leopard (Panthera pardus nimr)
Striped Hyena (Hyaena hyaena sultana)
Honey Badger (Mellivora capensis)